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Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk, Artur Nagórka
Tytuł	Finansowanie typu mezzanine jako rozwiązanie pośrednie między emisją akcji a kredytem bankowym
Title	Mezzanine fi nance as the type of fi nancing placed between the shares issue and the bank credit
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Abstract	Company in order to grow needs financing. The classic way is to acquire a credit from the bank. This is directly linked with the question of collateral what in case of the company is not the obvious choice. Another classic way of fi nuancing the company is the share issue. This solution is however linked with the question of ownership that is unavoidably diluted with every issue. Sometimes the company is on a excellent path of growth, does not want to disperse ownership, has already used all available asset for a collateral and still needs some capital because of the scale of the project. In this case the solution might be any of private capital sources. The possibility known since the 80’s is “mezzanine finance”. This is financing that combines some features of credit with some features of share issue and comes from the private investors. Because of its collateral, investment time range and the ways of running the company it is perceived to be appropriate for several years large projects generating sizeable and stable cash flows. This is as well a good path of development for the family run businesses where there is no evident heir and the management wishes to take over the company but lacks sufficient capital. Particularly in the times of crisis when the banks impose tight rules on credit policy and the stock exchange investors are reluctant to take any risks the mezzanine finance may be an answer for companies capital needs.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S., Nagórka A. (2009) Finansowanie typu mezzanine jako rozwiązanie pośrednie między emisją akcji a kredytem bankowym.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 78: 47-58
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n78_s47.pdf

Autor	Rafał Balina, Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Prognozowanie upadłości przedsiębiorstw spedycyjnych jako bankowe narzędzie decyzyjne
Title	Prediction of insolvency the shipping enterprises as a banking decision tool
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Abstract	In the paper were verified usability present bankruptcy predictor models for banking prediction shipping enterprises insolvency in present economical conditions. Authors proves that present enterprises insolvency prediction models have decreased their forecast propriety. Therefore authors built discriminate analysis model for shipping enterprises which are acting in Polish present economy conditions. This model properly characterized the research group of enterprises. This model also could be useful tool for a bank in a credit procedures for shipping enterprises.
Cytowanie	Balina R., Juszczyk S. (2009) Prognozowanie upadłości przedsiębiorstw spedycyjnych jako bankowe narzędzie decyzyjne.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 78: 161-174
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n78_s161.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk, Marek Rękorajski
Tytuł	Producenci a odbiorcy mleka - współpraca ekonomiczna i organizacyjna
Title	Producers and milk cooperatives - economc and organizational cooperation
Słowa kluczowe	finansowe wspieranie spółdzielni, najwyższa jakość mleka, zróżnicowanie cen skupu, narastająca konkurencja w skupie, opłacalność produkcji
Key words	financial support of cooperatives, the highest quality of milk, differentiation of purchase process, the growing competitiveness of purchase, production profitability
Abstrakt	W artykule przedstawiono niektóre aspekty współpracy między większymi producentami mleka a spółdzielniami mleczarskimi na podstawie wyników badań. Omówiono zagadnienia współpracy ekonomicznej, także w okresie trudności finansowych i organizacyjnych spółdzielni.
Abstract	The purchase milk prices do not depend only on individual producer, but he should care about the highest quality and because of that achieve possibly the highest price and improve the production profitability. In the milk purchase on the bigger part of research area occurs a lack of competition in purchase between milk cooperatives. However some of the farms manage to change a receiver to achieve a higher price of sold milk. The farms with the lowest direct profitability index by five years of searching very seldom change the receiver, but the most effective do it very often. Accepting in the macro region the lowest purchase price on 100%, the highest price was 148,1%, so the difference was significant and could economically finish farms near a weak dairy, where did not exist competition in purchase or extra improve financial condition this farm which sell milk to entity offering the highest purchase price. The participation of farms with a direct sale decreased and at the end of researched period was 16,7%. The direct milk sale increase direct profitability of production. Specialized milk farms and their milk cooperatives should support each other on all economical areas and think together about high processed milk products both on the internal and external market. Making more and more attractive selling products could be a strong base of agreement in the area of optimal purchase price between cooperative and milk farms.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S., Rękorajski M. (2009) Producenci a odbiorcy mleka - współpraca ekonomiczna i organizacyjna.Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 96, z. 1: 121-129
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2009_n1_s121.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Sposoby racjonalizowania produkcji w gospodarstwie. szanse i zagrożenia
Title	The ways of production rationalizing in the farm. opportunieties and threats
Słowa kluczowe	działalność racjonalna, sposoby powiększania wyniku finansowego, miary pojedynczych decyzji
Key words	rational activity, ways of enlargement of the financial outcome, measure of singular decisions
Abstrakt	Przedstawiono koncepcję różnych sposobów powiększania wyniku finansowego, uwzględniając zmiany ilości produkcji, cen produkowanych wyrobów i ponoszonych kosztów. Stwierdzono, że najlepszy jest wariant poszukiwań i likwidacji błędów w procesie produkcji, na drugim miejscu co do skali dobroci jest wariant ekstensywny polegający na niewielkim spadku wartości produkcji na skutek jeszcze większego zmniejszenia kosztów całkowitych, na trzecim . wariant półintensywny wyrażający się wzrostem produkcji na skutek zmian optymalizacyjnych w strukturze kosztów całkowitych lub substytucji jakościowo-asortymentowej, przy zachowaniu niezmienionego ogólnego poziomu kosztów całkowitych, na czwartym . półekstensywny (oszczędności środków), to znaczy utrzymania wartości produkcji i obniżenia kosztów. Najbardziej ryzykowny jest wariant intensywny . maksymalnego efektu, gdzie zwiększane są koszty w oczekiwaniu na jeszcze większy wzrost wartości produkcji, dlatego zwiększanie koszt ów musi być poprzedzone dogłębną analizą i rozważeniem czy nie ma innych, wcześniej wymienionych sposobów zwiększania wyniku finansowego
Abstract	The aim of this article is to present the conception of different ways of increasing the financial income, taking into account the changes of production quantity, prices of produced goods and costs. Presented results suggest that the best way is the variant of seeking and elimination the mistakes in production process. In the second place, if we are thinking about the chance of success, is the extensive variant, which core issue is not big decreasing of production value with simultaneously more significance decreasing of total costs. The third is semi extensive variant . it is the increasing of production value due to the optimal changes in the structure in total costs or quality . assortment substitution with maintaining unchangeable total costs. In the forth place is the semi extensive variant (saving of production means) - it is maintaining unchangeable production value and costs decreasing. The most risky is the intensive variant . maximal effect, when we increase costs and we expect more and more increasing of production value. Therefore increasing of the costs have to be firstly deeply analyzed and consider if exists any of other earlier mentioned ways of increasing the financial outcome.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2009) Sposoby racjonalizowania produkcji w gospodarstwie. szanse i zagrożenia.Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 96, z. 4: 77-90
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2009_n4_s77.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Wykorzystanie opcji do ograniczenia ryzyka kursu walutowego
Title	USING OPTIONS TO LIMIT THE EXCHANGE RATE RISK
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Abstract	The paper presents the selected issues concerned possibility cooperation between companies and banks in the area of limiting the exchange rate risk. Additionally different ways of using this options were presented. This problem has a great meaning in the context of globalization of economic processes in regulation and real sphere. The economic conditions are still changing and create new challenges and possibilities for cooperation. Modern company which introduce the innovation product, producing on a big scale, should participate in the international labor division and on the international market. It caused necessity of planning economic operation, including financial one. It concerns also the risk connected with using loans in foreign currency
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2008) Wykorzystanie opcji do ograniczenia ryzyka kursu walutowego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 65: 43-58
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Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Zdolność kredytowa w ocenie banku na przykładzie małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw
Title	CREDIT ABILITY IN BANK ASSESMENT ON SMALL AND MIDLE ENTRERPRISES EXAMPLE
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Abstract	The paper presents economical and organizational issues connected with different methods of credit ability assessment applied by banks It also reviews these methods in the background of applying for credit by small and middle enterprises. The study shows different ways of investment venture assessment before taking decision on granting them the credit. Banks recognize the small and middle enterprises as a risky sector. Since 1999 banks have started to this play more and more interest in this sector, introducing simplified procedures of credit ability assessment. Despite this convince there is an opinion of difficulties connected with access to bank credits
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2008) Zdolność kredytowa w ocenie banku na przykładzie małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 66: 17-35
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Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Innowacje a zasada racjonalnego gospodarowania w agrobiznesie
Title	INNOVATION AND RATIONAL PRINCIPLE IN AGROBUSINESS
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Abstract	The aim of this paper is to propose a discussion about the innovation and rational managing principle. The foundation for beginning this consideration begs the question – why Professor Oscar Lange used this name, but did not determine that there is a principle of ways to improve the effectiveness of managing in economics. If indeed there is a rational managing principle, also in the meaning ex ante, and we take into consideration such innovation which enlarge the financial outcome of a given economic entity, it seems that the rational managing principle, so far, does not exhaust the complexity of this issue. In author’s opinion the rational managing principle makes easier, on the one hand, an opinion of existing changes, on the other hand planning the production improvement in short, mid, and long – lived depiction. It allows with economic point of view to concentrate on problems from the past and on these which have short term, operation and strategic meaning. Furthermore, production improvement because of innovation is for the entity the base giving the chance to exist during the time. In the contemporary macroeconomic condition the economic entity’s success is existing on the market and not to worsen the financial condition. With the all point of view, in the entirely calculus, existing of the economy entity is not only financial profitable but has first of all fundamental social meaning. Predictable escalation of liberalisation in the EU agricultural policy will cause necessity the acceleration of production’s rationalisation in all the farms. The decreasing unit cost could be very difficult process, demanding the farming which is based on knowledge
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2008) Innowacje a zasada racjonalnego gospodarowania w agrobiznesie.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 68: 5-15
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Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk, Marek Rękorajski
Tytuł	Koszty bezpośrednie pasz łąkowo-pastwiskowych w gospodarstwach mlecznych województwa łódzkiego
Title	Costs of meadow-pasture fodder on the example of milk farms in Lodz Province
Słowa kluczowe	struktura kosztów bezpośrednich, koszty jednostkowe, ceny nasion traw, ceny nawozów mineralnych i innych środków produkcji
Key words	structure of direct costs, unit costs, prices of grasses, prices of artificial fertilizers and other production means
Abstrakt	W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań z terenu województwa łódzkiego prowadzonych w latach 2004-2006, dotyczące zróżnicowania kosztów bezpośrednich pasz łąkowych i pastwiskowych w gospodarstwach mlecznych.
Abstract	The aim of the paper was to analyze the costs of meadow pasture folder in milk farms. There were analyzed farms from Łodz Province. Taking into consideration process of liberalization on milk market and respecting the necessity of looking for possibility of unit cost decreasing, the pasture feeding could be more and more important. In that context this issue connected with botanic content of the turf and with fertilizing intensification and nurturing of pasture seems very important and could have an influence on increasing competitive advantages between milk producers. It could have also influence, in the long term perspectives, on increasing milk production concentration, first of all in the farms, which have large pasture area, especially near the centre of the farm. In the researched period 2004-2006the average direct costs 1 dt of pasture cutting grass fluctuated from 1,88 to 1,93 zl; meadow cutting grass . from 2,18 to 2,23 zl; meadow hay . from 14,17 to 14,53; hay-silage from 6,55 to 6,72 and silage from 3,57 to 3,66 zl. Moreover, in the individual researched years occurred between milk farms significance differences of costs those fodder. The biggest were in 2005 year. Taking the lowest costs as 100%, the highest level in case of pasture cutting grass was 155,3%; in case of meadow cutting grass was 140,0%; meadow hay was 163,4%; hay-silage was 134,8% and silage was 137,4%. The diversity of unit costs could be recognized as a significant, and what is more, it shows the possibilities of decreasing the fodder costs in the specialized farms.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S., Rękorajski M. (2007) Koszty bezpośrednie pasz łąkowo-pastwiskowych w gospodarstwach mlecznych województwa łódzkiego .Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 94, z. 1: 35-45
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Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Organizacja i wyniki produkcyjno-ekonomiczne gospodarstw mlecznych z następcami
Title	The Organisation and Economical and Production Results in Milk Farms with Successors
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Abstract	The author suggests putting new index- - specialist identification successors. It is a quotient of number or participation of farms with the successors in the given specialization to number or participation farms with successors all in all - in the percentage expression. The research took place in the specialist milk farms of Central Macroregion in the years 1997-2001. The relationship between quantity of direct surplus from milk production in the farm and the index of specialist identification successors in milk production were observed in 2000. The bigger was this surplus, the bigger was the share of successors interested in continuation of milk production after talking over the farm. Moreover it was also observed, that the index of specialist identification successors increased with the increase of the number of cows in the farm. In the period 1997-2001 in the examined milk farms the quantity of the index of specialist identification successors was changing from 72.0% in the year 2001to79.2% in 2000.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2004) Organizacja i wyniki produkcyjno-ekonomiczne gospodarstw mlecznych z następcami.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 54: 43-50
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Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Skala produkcji gospodarstw mlecznych a jej opłacalność
Title	The Scale and the Profitability of Milk Production
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Abstract	In years 1997-2001 in the typical family farms of the Central Macro region with the growth of production scale measured by: numbers of milk cows, milk production per year and commodity value of milk production with coupled production - the profitability of milk production and direct surplus from milk production grew. It is useful to intensify the milk production in those farms. State owned farms had from 42 to 173 milk cows. They achieved the highest direct surplus among the researched farms but average direct profitability fell to 2,41. In spite of taking into consideration the real indirect costs and the depreciation of farms' costs, the achieved profitability still gave the possibility of the growth of direct surplus. It means that a margin cost was higher than an average cost and simultaneously was smaller than purchase price, and that a margin surplus was higher than zero. The increasing of the direct surplus in these farms was possible but connected with a further decreasing of average profitability of milk production. Taking into the consideration the individual measure of the production scale and results received the direct profitability was the most negative correlated with the number of cows in the farm between 1997 and 1999: the index of determination was: 7,19%, 11,04% and 15,05%. Between 2000 and 2001 the direct profitability was the most negative correlated with amount of produced milk, which explained 13,47% and 11,36% changeability of the profitability of the production. The direct surplus in the analysed period was the most correlated with the value of commodity milk production and coupled production. Therefore when one wants to achieve high direct surplus from researched farms one should produce milk of the highest quality and also produce and sell with profit not only calves and defective cows but also farm heifers. In the analysed period the value of milk production and coupled production explained: 62, 30%; 66, 72%; 61, 97%; 90, 21 % and 86, 86% of direct surplus changeability.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2004) Skala produkcji gospodarstw mlecznych a jej opłacalność.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 143-157
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2004_n53_s143.pdf